Tier 1 · Universal
Offer choices
Give students two acceptable options so they have control within limits.
How to do it
- Decide what’s non-negotiable (for example, the work gets done).
- Offer two choices you’re genuinely fine with: “Do you want to start with the odds or the evens?” or “Work at your desk or at the back table?”
- Give the student a moment to decide. Walk away if that helps.
- If they don’t choose, calmly say “You can choose, or I’ll choose for you,” then follow through.
- Build choice into routines: order of tasks, materials, where to work, how to show learning.
Why it works
- Meets the need for control without giving up the expectation
- Reduces power struggles
- Increases task engagement
When to use it
- With students who resist directives
- At the start of a non-preferred task
- When a student is beginning to escalate
Tips and pitfalls
- Both options must be acceptable to you. A threat disguised as a choice will backfire.
- Keep your voice calm and neutral.
Helps with
Not working after a fair trial?
Check that it’s been used consistently for 4–6 weeks and that your data shows the pattern. If so, look at the next tier of support for this behavior.
Tier 2 · Targeted